Tracking winter through superintendents’ eyes

June 26, 2025

By Marylee Murphy, University of Minnesota

WinterTurf Dashboard showing location, snow cover, and images of Northland Country Club.
Figure 1. The WinterTurf dashboard displays weekly snow depth measurements and images for each course who opts-in to sharing their data.

The fourth year of survey data collection for the WinterTurf project just ended with approximately 130 courses providing data on one or more golf greens during the winter. Over the course of the four years, over 10,000 images have been contributed by the survey participants. These images have been critical for understanding the progression of winter conditions. The WinterTurf Dashboard (Figure 1) displays the images from the current year for each course that has opted-in to being displayed on the dashboard. 

Two golf courses in winter - one covered in partial snow, and the other covered in ice.
Figure 2. Partial snow and ice coverage at Hidden River Golf and Casting Club and Ottawa Hunt Club.

The project team has used these images to examine areal snow coverage (Figure 2), observe covering practices (Figure 3), put the green into context, identify typos in data entry, and look at sensor placements (Figure 4). 

Three types of greens covers on three different golf courses.
Figure 3. Green covers at Ekwanok Country Club, Les Bolstad Golf Course, and Elmwood Golf Club.

We are currently classifying the photos to use them to ground truth satellite imagery, which will help our team develop models that we hope will predict winter injury risk on golf courses, providing an important tool for turfgrass managers in cold climates.

Ice melting on a golf green around an environmental sensor setup.
Figure 4. A WinterTurf data sensor melting out of the ice at Laconia Country Club.